Decoying the Blitz: Uncovering the Remains of Operation Starfish on Sowerby Moor

 High on the expansive moors above Sowerby, amidst the windswept grasses, stand the unassuming brick and concrete remains of a wartime secret. These structures, captured in striking black and white on a clear summer's day in June 2015, are the remnants of an "Operation Starfish" decoy site, a ingenious and desperate measure to divert the devastating bombs of the German Luftwaffe during the dark days of the Blitz.

The year is 1940. British cities were enduring relentless aerial bombardment, with the almost complete destruction of Coventry in November serving as a stark and horrifying example of the enemy's destructive power. In response to this escalating threat, engineer and retired Air Ministry officer Colonel John Turner was tasked with expanding his existing "K" and "Q" sites. These earlier decoys were designed to mimic factories and airfields, but the scale of the destruction demanded a new approach. Turner's expanded vision led to the creation of "SF" sites – "SF" standing for "special fire" – intended to replicate the fiery glow of nearby major cities under attack. While initially designated "SF," a site near Bristol was given the evocative codename "Starfish," and this name ultimately stuck for all subsequent sites.

One such vital "Starfish" site was strategically established on the Sowerby moors. Its purpose was audacious: to act as a decoy for the industrial powerhouses of Leeds and Manchester, as well as the crucial railway goods yards at Greetland and major railway junctions at Todmorden, Halifax, and Rochdale. The hope was that enemy bombers, drawn by the deceptive fires, would unleash their deadly payloads upon the empty moorland instead of their intended targets.

The construction of these sites was remarkably clever. During daylight hours, they were designed to blend seamlessly into the landscape, often disguised to resemble innocent farm buildings. However, their true function lay hidden beneath the vegetation. The surrounding area was crisscrossed with metal troughs, concealed from above, connected to tanks filled with oil and water. These troughs were also primed with creosote and coal. When an air raid was anticipated, a carefully orchestrated pyrotechnic display would begin. Approximately 15 minutes after the initial ignition of the combustibles, water would be released into the hot pans, creating a spectacular burst of flame and a loud explosion. This dramatic effect was specifically designed to confuse enemy bombers, leading them to believe they had successfully hit a populated, burning urban area.

The heart of this deception lay within the site's control bunker. As seen in the photographs, the bunker was a two-room control area, accessed by a short passage. Crucially, this entrance was protected by a substantial blast wall, a testament to the dangers faced by the personnel operating these decoys. Despite over 70 years having passed since these images were captured in 2015, the bunker and its accompanying blast wall remain in remarkably good condition, a durable brick and concrete monument to a forgotten aspect of wartime defence. The interior shots reveal the stark, empty rooms, littered with debris but still recognisably a former operational space.

Today, there is little else surrounding these structures to hint at their significant historical role. The expansive moorland stretches out, seemingly undisturbed, making the discovery of these remains even more poignant. They stand as a silent, rugged tribute to the ingenuity and resilience of those who worked tirelessly to protect Britain's cities during one of its darkest hours. The Sowerby Starfish site is a tangible link to a hidden chapter of the Second World War, where fire and deception played a crucial role in safeguarding lives and industry.

All photographs were taken on 16 June 2015 using a Polaroid IS2132 bridge camera, clicking any of them should open a link in another window to my Colin Green Photography store on Zazzle.

Inside the right side control room.

The left side control room.

Taken stood atop the bunker looking in the direction of Lancashire.
The blast wall was in excellent condition.

The only entrance / exit to the bunker. I imagine it could have
got quite claustrophobic inside.

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ABC of Sports Trading Cards (1927)

 Ogden's A.B.C of sport is a set of trading cards released in 1927, the set featured 25 cards with the letters X and Z combined in to 1 card to complete the set. The cards feature a number of sports popular in the 120's which perhaps would not get a look in today. I combined the pictures in to a YouTube slideshow which can be seen below with each individual image shown below that with what I personally consider would be the modern alternative sport featured.

Angling.. Modern alternatives would include Athletics, Archery,
American and Aussie Rules Football.

Boxing.. Modern alternatives Basketball, Badminton,
Baseball and Base Jumping.

Cricket.. Alternatives now would include Cycling or Canoeing

Deerstalking Hunting would be frowned upon now and 
replaced by Darts, Diving, Dressage, Decathlon.

Elk (Hunting) which like deerstalking would be frowned
upon, alternatives would include Eventing or the modern 
E-Sports.

Football or Rugger as its referred to here. Football being the more
common version of "Football" now that would feature for F. Other
sports include Fencing and Figure Skating.

Golf.. Go-Karting, Gaelic Football and Gymnastics.

Hockey then and probably now but alternatives may
include Heptathlon, Hand Ball and High Jump.

Imbecile (House hunter), not sure why that's thought of as sporting, 
and until I read the the summary I thought the picture was referring
to a gambler. Proper sports would be featured here now probably
including Ice Hockey, Ironman or Ice Dancing.

Jockey, still a tough and respected sporting activity. Alternatives
for J, Javelin, Judo, and Jogging.

Kudos, sporting alternatives for modern cards include Kabaddi,
Karate and Kick Boxing.

Lacrosse, Lude is the only modern I could think of

Motorist, whilst not sporting Motor Sport is, Other alternatives could
include Mountain Biking and Miniature Golf.

Nap (Card Player), Not sure if I class cards as sporting but that's
my opinion only, Netball or Ninjitsu today.

Ounder of Otters, not sure what an ounder is, at a guess it's someone
who forcers otters out of their secure places to be hunted. Not my idea
of sport, alternative sports to feature in a modern set Open Water Swimming
and One Day Cricket which has a number of differences to Five Day Cricket
to allow it to be different. 

Pinger or Ponger is a term for Ping Pong Player. Still popular today,
alternatives for inclusion are Pigeon Racing, Pole Vault, Power Boat Racing
and Pole Dancing. 

Quoiter, refers to a player in the game of Quoits a game where the
players toss rings at a stake trying to land the ring with the stake
through the middle. Quidditch now, as much as I don't like or understand
Harry Potter people who do tell me this is now a proper sport
played by teams.

Runner, the modern sport choices would probably be Rugby League which
 I much prefer to the other code and which I put here because instead of the
other code as it's first World Cup was in 1954, a full 33 years before the alternative.

Ski-er, I'd go with any of Surfing, Sailing, Softball or Sumo
in a modern set.

Tennis is still a world wide popular sport now, Track and Field, Tug of War.
Ten Pin Bowling and Triathlon could all feature now.

Umpire, still needed and still vilified when decisions go against
the team they are not in favour of. Sporting alternatives for now
Ultimate a type of Frisbee sport, and a number of underwater
competitive sports.

Villikins, Despite googling it I have no idea what it's supposed to be.
 I'd offer up Volleyball and Vault Gymnastics for a modern set.

Wrestling would probably still occupy this card, Weightlifting,
Water Polo and Wheelchair versions of Basketball, Football
or Rugby may also feature.

X here refers to ex champions of various sports, actual sports that
could feature Xare and Xing yi Quan. I had to google those and Xare is 
popular in South America and played with a racket and ball in a
trinquete. Xing yi Quan is a Chinese martial art.

Yachting features for Y and Yo-Yo is the only alternative sport-
pastime I can think of. - - Z is for Zest, I'm guessing that's for enthusiasm
for sport in general. Google again offered some alternatives which were
Zourkhaneh a Iranian Martial art and Zui Quan which
is drunken Boxing.

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Copley Valley: A Glimpse of Transformation in 2014

In March 2014, the Copley Valley in Calderdale, just east of Sowerby Bridge, was a landscape in flux. Once known as Milner Royd, this area was undergoing a significant redevelopment, transforming from its industrial past into a mix of industrial, housing, and nature reserve spaces.

The images captured in 2014 provide a fascinating snapshot of this transition. Prior to the redevelopment, Milner Royd was home to the remains of the Sowerby Bridge Sewage Works, a large dam that was a popular spot for anglers until its drainage, the Sterne Bridge (built in 1914), and the old Standard Wire Factory. It was also an area rich in wildlife and nature, bordered by the railway to the south, the River Calder splitting it down the middle, and the Calder & Hebble Navigation Canal to the north.

The Changing Landscape

The development was well underway in 2014, with a new road and bridge already constructed. Much of the land was set aside for the building of new industrial units. The scene shows the wet, muddy ground, indicative of recent earthworks, with the freshly laid road cutting through the landscape. This stark image contrasts with the more natural, albeit muddy, appearance of the valley before intensive development.

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Copley Valley Nature Reserve, The picture was taken looking west with
my back towards Copley Viaduct. 

Copley Valley, this area which had been cleared for industrial units and
the new access road was the site of Sowerby Bridge Sewage Works opened
in 1896. The road passes over what was the dam, the water that filled it now
underground to the River Calder.

Enduring Structures and Fading Eras

Amidst the changes, some older structures remained, offering a glimpse into the area's railway heritage. The Milner Royd Bridge, with its sturdy stone arches, stands as a testament to the enduring railway infrastructure. This bridge has since been closed to the public.

Further along the railway line, the Milner Royd Signal Box was still operational in 2014, although it would close just four years later in 2018. This small, distinctive building played a vital role in managing the railway traffic at Milner Royd Junction, where the line splits towards Brighouse and Halifax.

Another notable feature from this period is the Hollas Lane Arch Bridge. This stone arch bridge, where the railway line divides, is another example of the area's historical railway architecture, standing firm amidst the surrounding development.

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The Copley Valley project represents a significant chapter in Calderdale's history, balancing industrial growth with the preservation of natural spaces. The 2014 images serve as a valuable record of this ambitious transformation, capturing a moment when the past was giving way to a new future for Milner Royd.

Hollas Lane Railway Bridge, built circa 1840 to carry the Manchester and
Leeds Railway over Hollas Lane.

Milner Royd Bridge carries Milner Royd Lane over the railway, closed
to the public by gates at both ends, the bridge used to be one of the main
walking / packhorse routes down from Norland to the valley bottom.

Milner Royd Signal Box, was still in operation when I took this picture
in 2014, closing in the summer of 2018. The box had been built in 1876 to
control the junction to the right of the picture where trains head off in the
directions of Brighouse or Halifax.

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Berkswell: A Quiet Stop with a Royal Past on the West Coast Main Line

Nestled amidst the picturesque landscapes near Coventry, West Midlands, lies Berkswell Railway Station. At first glance, it might appear to be a modest two-platform stop on the mighty West Coast Main Line. However, delve a little deeper, and you uncover a fascinating history, surprising connections, and a quiet significance that belies its humble appearance.

The images capture Berkswell on a somewhat overcast day, showcasing its functional, yet well-maintained, platforms. The presence of overhead lines is a clear indicator of its electrified status, and indeed, you can see modern trains like the Avanti West Coast Pendolino arriving and departing, a testament to its role on this crucial artery of the British rail network.

A Station with Evolving Identities

The story of Berkswell station begins in 1839 with the completion of the London and Birmingham Railway. Initially, the line passed by without a stop in this precise location. It wasn't until 1844 that the first station opened, known then as Dockers Lane. The name game began in January 1853, when it was rechristened Berkswell. Interestingly, in February 1928, it became "Berkswell and Balsall Common," acknowledging its closer proximity to the latter village. However, around 1959, as electrification works commenced on the line, the name reverted simply to Berkswell, a designation it has retained ever since. The electrification itself was a significant undertaking, finally completed in 1974, dramatically modernizing the line and the station's operational capabilities. The remodelling during this period likely shaped much of the station's current layout, as seen in the clear, uncluttered platforms and modern fencing.

Echoes of a Bygone Junction and Royal Connections

One of the most intriguing aspects of Berkswell's past is its role as a junction. Just south of the station, a line once branched off towards Kenilworth. This connection, operational from March 2, 1884, until March 3, 1969, is no longer in use, but the siding track where trains once ran is still visible. Today, this old line is being transformed into a greenway, offering a new lease of life to a piece of railway heritage.

Even more captivating are the stories associated with this very siding. It is known to occasionally house the Royal Train, and members of "the Firm" (the Royal Family) have reportedly spent nights onboard while parked here. Furthermore, history whispers that even Sir Winston Churchill himself is said to have overnighted in this quiet siding. These anecdotes lend a remarkable, almost secretive, air to Berkswell, hinting at its strategic utility beyond regular passenger services.

Modern Functionality and Passenger Flow

Looking at the station today, as depicted in the photos, it boasts two platforms, clearly marked, serving trains heading north towards Birmingham New Street and south to London Euston. The tracks are well-maintained, and the overhead electrification lines crisscross above, a constant reminder of the high-speed traffic that uses this route.

A notable upgrade to the station's infrastructure occurred in 2004 with the removal of a level crossing to the south of the platforms. This was a crucial development, replaced by a bridge, enabling the line to accommodate more high-speed trains safely and efficiently.

While Berkswell station offers minimal facilities, these are functional and meet the needs of its commuters. You can spot waiting shelters on both platforms and ticket machines, ensuring ease of access for passengers. There are no public toilets, but a car park is available for those arriving by road. The station is typically manned during selected hours, providing a human presence for assistance.

In terms of service, Berkswell enjoys a respectable two trains per hour in each direction, connecting it to two major urban centres. Before the global disruption of the Covid-19 pandemic, Berkswell saw significant passenger traffic, with 334,000 users recorded in the 2019/20 period. The pandemic, of course, had a dramatic impact, causing passenger numbers to plummet to just 52,916 in the first year of the virus. As travel patterns continue to normalize, it's expected that Berkswell will once again see its numbers rise, reaffirming its importance to the local communities of Berkswell and Balsall Common.

In conclusion, Berkswell Railway Station is more than just a stopping point on the map. It's a place where history intertwines with modern functionality, a quiet witness to the evolution of rail travel, and a surprising link to some of Britain's most prominent figures. Next time you're passing through, spare a thought for the stories held within its tracks and platforms.

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The siding that occasionally houses the Royal Train can be seen to the
right of the mainline. This used to be the junction of the
Kenilworth Line.

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Unleash Your Wild Side at Rancho Texas: More Than Just a Show!

Thinking of an unforgettable day out in Lanzarote? Look no further than Rancho Texas Lanzarote Park! This isn't just your average animal park; it's a vibrant blend of wildlife encounters, thrilling shows, and even a fantastic splash park, all wrapped up in a lively Wild West theme.

For years, Rancho Texas has been captivating visitors with its incredible animal shows, offering both entertainment and educational insights into the animal kingdom. Let's dive into what makes these shows such a highlight:

Dive into the Deep: Dolphin & Sea Lion Shows

Prepare to be mesmerized by the intelligence and agility of the park's marine residents! The Dolphin Show is a true crowd-pleaser, more of an educational presentation where you witness these amazing bottlenose dolphins demonstrate their natural behaviours and learn about their fascinating world. It's a heart warming experience that highlights the bond between trainers and animals.

Equally delightful is the Sea Lion Show, featuring charismatic sea lions like the famous Brutus. These playful performers put on a comical display of flips, dives, and splashes that will have you laughing and cheering. And for those seeking an even closer encounter, interaction experiences with both dolphins and sea lions are available for an additional fee, allowing you to create truly unforgettable memories!

Soaring Spectacles: Birds of Prey & Parrot Shows

Beyond the aquatic stars, Rancho Texas brings the skies to life with its impressive avian displays. The Birds of Prey Show is a breath taking demonstration of power and precision, as magnificent eagles, hawks, vultures, and even condors soar gracefully overhead. You'll witness their incredible flight capabilities and learn about their hunting instincts – it's a truly awe-inspiring spectacle.

And for a dose of wit and wonder, don't miss the Macaws and Cockatoos Show. These intelligent and talkative birds showcase their remarkable problem-solving skills, perform amusing tricks, and even interact with the audience, leaving you amazed by their cleverness and charm. They're definitely not shy when it comes to posing for photos too!

Beyond the Arena: A World of Wildlife

While the shows are undoubtedly a major draw, Rancho Texas is also home to a diverse array of exotic animals from around the globe. Stroll through recreated habitats and encounter white tigers, raccoons, snakes, bison, cougars, deer, armadillos, pot-bellied pigs, and more. The park is committed to conservation and provides well-maintained enclosures, focusing on education to foster a greater appreciation for wildlife.

And if you need to cool off after all the excitement, the park's impressive splash park with its exhilarating water slides and pools offers the perfect respite, making it a complete day out for families and visitors of all ages.

Rancho Texas Lanzarote Park truly offers a unique and immersive experience, blending the thrill of live animal shows with the joy of close encounters and the fun of a Western-themed water park. It's a place where entertainment meets education, creating lasting memories for everyone who visits.

I filmed this with a Samsung Galaxy Tablet in July 2013.

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